Philips Medizin Systeme Böblingen GmbH, Germany, is regarded as the market leader in patient monitoring systems. Fetal Monitoring: Identical Wireless Monitoring Even for Triplets the monitoring of the heart rate of the unborn child, these requirements are extremely high. In the case of ultrasound transducers for cardiotocographs (fetal monitors or CTGs), i.e. However, depending on the application, high quality standards need to be met when manufacturing the piezos. In addition, piezo elements can also be easily adapted to the respective application requirements as different geometric variants and resonance frequencies can also be realized ( Image 2) in addition to the material selection specific to each application. tubes, disks, benders, shear elements or translators, which makes it easy to adapt them to the respective application. Many variants of piezo elements are possible, e.g. The short response times and the high dynamics of their displacement naturally also benefit ultrasound generation. Piezo elements can therefore be used as sensors and actuators at the same time, they not only generate ultrasound but also detect it. Inversely, a small electrical voltage results in immediate displacement. Even the smallest deformation results in immediately measurable charge transfer.
There is therefore no mechanical friction and no wear in the classical sense, and sensitivity is high. The piezo effect is based exclusively on displacements within the crystal lattice of the piezoelectric element. In other words, piezo elements convert mechanical into electrical energy and vice versa, and are therefore referred to as ultrasound transducers.
An electric voltage is generated under force (direct piezo effect) and the dimensions change under the influence of an electric field (inverse piezo effect). The creation and detection of ultrasound, for example, is a classic piezo application because the piezo element starts to oscillate when an a.c. with the same impulse density, even in case of triplets (Image: Philips) This wireless fetal monitoring system can record the fetal heart rate in sync, i.e. Here, piezo elements often play a key role, as is also the case in a new system for the wireless monitoring of mother and child during pregnancy and birth ( Image 1). Applications range from distance measurement and object recognition, filling level or flow rate measurements, through high-resolution material tests, up to medical diagnosis and therapy.
Ultrasound, which is sound above the human hearing limit of approximately 16 kHz, is applied in numerous ways in medical engineering and research.
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